📖 Iss Kitab Ke Baare Mein
Animal Farm (August 1945) George Orwell ki sirf 112-page ki short novel hai par 20th century ki sabse powerful political allegory bani hui hai. Setting Manor Farm — England ka ek farm jaha Mr. Jones (cruel, alcoholic farmer) jaanwaron ko exploit karta hai. Buddha boar Old Major ek bhashan deta hai jisme woh sabhi jaanwaron ko united hone ko bolta hai — 'Beasts of England' song sikha ke marr jaata hai. Yeh allegory mein Karl Marx + Lenin ki combined figure hai.
Three saal baad jaanwar rebellion karte hain, Mr. Jones bhag jaata hai, farm ka naam 'Animal Farm' ho jaata hai. Seven Commandments deewar pe likhe jaate hain — 'All animals are equal' last one. Pigs Snowball aur Napoleon leadership mein aate hain. Snowball intelligent, idealistic — Trotsky ka allegory. Napoleon cunning, brutal — Stalin. Squealer (third pig) propagandist — Pravda/Goebbels-style spin doctor. Boxer the horse — loyal, hardworking, motto 'I will work harder' aur 'Napoleon is always right' — common working class jisko regime exploit karta hai. Snowball ko Napoleon nine dogs (KGB allegory) se chase karwa ke exile karta hai.
Dheere-dheere pigs commandments rewrite karte hain — 'No animal shall sleep in a bed' becomes 'No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets.' 'No animal shall kill another animal' becomes 'without cause.' Boxer injured hota hai — pigs usko knacker ke yahan bechke whiskey kharidte hain. Finally pigs do paaon pe khade hote hain, kapde pehente hain, insaan farmers ke saath sharaab peete hain. Final line iconic hai: 'The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.'
Indian context mein book ka relevance khaas hai. Independence movement, post-1947 power struggles, Emergency-era politics (1975-77), aaj-kal ke democracy debates — sab Animal Farm framework se analyse hote hain. ICSE-CBSE Class 11-12 mein required reading hai. 'Some animals are more equal than others' phrase aam Indian political vocabulary mein ghus chuka hai.
Year
1945
Global Sales
Over 20 million copies (Time's 100 best English-language novels)
In India
Standard reading in ICSE/CBSE Class 11-12 English literature; common in BA syllabi

